---
title: "State of Crypto Issue 9: Inside Crypto Exchange Traded Products"
---

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## State of Crypto Issue 9

## Inside Crypto Exchange-Traded Products

In this magazine, we dive deep into the mechanics of ETPs, exploring how they differ from other investment vehicles and their potential benefits for investors. We also analyze the impact of ETPs on the potential for increased adoption among traditional investors and the implications for the overall cryptoasset ecosystem in light of last year's debacles.

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## What's inside?

#### The Evolution of Investment Products & Cryptoassets

Crypto ETPs bring increased accessibility, transparency, liquidity, and legitimacy. Currently, investors who want crypto exposure have to navigate complex and sometimes offshore exchanges, or invest in unregulated funds with a high-risk level. Crypto ETPs simplifies this process by allowing investors to buy and sell shares of the ETP on a regulated exchange, just like they would with any other stock or ETF.

#### What's an Exchange-Traded Product (ETP)?

An ETP is more akin to an Exchange-Traded Commodity (ETC), which is a debt instrument fully collateralized with physical assets, such as gold or Bitcoin. It's crucial to understand that not all investment products are created equally. Products based on futures and closed-end funds are associated with risks not present in spot and physically-backed ETPs.

#### An Inside Look at ETP Construction

The ETP ecosystem can be divided into the primary and secondary market. In the primary market, only Authorized Participants (APs) can transact with the ETP issuer and shares are created and redeemed at their fair value called the NAV. In contrast, in the secondary market, investors can buy and sell existing shares at market price through a stock exchange or over-the-counter (OTC) and liquidity is supported by regulated market makers (MMs).

#### The Different Ways to Invest in Cryptoassets

Investors have many ways to get exposure to cryptoassets, depending on their risk profile, tech savviness, and regulatory constraints. Broadly, there are two primary considerations after conducting due diligence on the underlying assets and the counterparties: 1) how to purchase cryptoassets and 2) how to store them. We conclude that the ETP structure provides the easiest and most secure way for institutional investors to invest in cryptoassets.

## Crypto made easy.

21Shares takes innovation to the next level with the largest suite of cryptocurrency exchange-traded products (ETPs) in the world. In 2018 it pioneered the world’s first cryptocurrency index listing on the SIX Swiss Exchange, and it continues powering its cryptocurrency franchise with cutting-edge research and groundbreaking approaches to product strategy. 21Shares aims to provide all investors with an easy, secure, and regulated way to buy, sell, and short cryptocurrency through existing bank and brokerage accounts.

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General Disclaimers

This website does not constitute an offer of services or securities by 21shares AG, or its affiliates (collectively “21shares”). All information provided by 21shares is impersonal and not tailored to the needs of any person, entity or group of persons. It is not possible to invest directly in an index. Exposure to an asset class represented by an index is available through investable instruments based on that index. 21shares makes no assurance that investment products based on the index will accurately track index performance or provide positive investment returns. 21shares is not an investment advisor and makes no representation regarding the advisability of investing in any such investment product or other investment vehicle. A decision to invest in any such investment product or other investment vehicle should not be made in reliance on any of the statements set forth on this website. Prospective investors are advised to make an investment in any such product or other vehicle only after carefully considering the risks associated with investing in such products, as detailed in an offering memorandum or similar document that is prepared by or on behalf of the issuer of the investment product or other investment product or vehicle. 21shares is not a tax advisor. A tax advisor should be consulted to evaluate the impact and consequences of making any particular investment decision. Inclusion of any assets within an index is not a recommendation by 21shares to buy, sell, or hold such security, nor is it considered to be investment advice. The website materials have been prepared solely for informational purposes based upon information generally available to the public and from sources believed to be reliable. No content contained in these materials (including index data, ratings, credit-related analyses and data, research, valuations, model, software or other application or output therefrom) or any part thereof (“Content”) may be modified, reverse-engineered, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of 21shares. The Content shall not be used for any unlawful or unauthorized purposes. 21shares does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, timeliness or availability of the Content. 21shares is not responsible for any errors or omissions, regardless of the cause, for the results obtained from the use of the content. The content is provided on an “as is” basis. 21shares disclaims any and all express or implied warranties, including, but not limited to, any warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or use, freedom from bugs, software errors or defects, that the content’s functioning will be uninterrupted or that the content will operate with any software or hardware configuration. in no event shall 21shares be liable to any party for any direct, indirect, incidental, exemplary, compensatory, punitive, special or consequential damages, costs, expenses, legal fees, or losses (including, without limitation, lost income or lost profits and opportunity costs) in connection with any use of the Content even if advised of the possibility of such damages. Investments into crypto currencies and/or digital assets are subject to material and high risk including the risk of total loss. The calculated prices may not be achieved by investors as the calculated price is based on prices from different trading platforms. Furthermore, an investment into crypto currencies and/or digital assets may become illiquid depending on the trading platform or investment product used for the specific investment. Investors should carefully review all risk factors disclosed by the relevant trading platform or in the product documents of relevant investment products.

###### Performance Disclaimers

Charts and graphs are provided for illustrative purposes. Past performance is not an indication or guarantee of future results. The charts and graphs may reflect hypothetical historical performance. All information presented prior to the launch date is back-tested. Back-tested performance is not actual performance but is hypothetical. The back-test calculations are based on the same methodology that was in effect when the index(es) was officially launched. It is not possible to invest directly in any index. Prospective application of the methodology used to construct the index(es) as well as revisions to economic data may not result in performance commensurate with the back-test returns shown. The back-test period does not necessarily correspond to the entire available history of the index(es). Another limitation of using back-tested information is that the back-tested calculation is generally prepared with the benefit of hindsight. Back-tested data and/or information reflects the application of the index methodology and selection of index constituents in hindsight. No hypothetical record can completely account for the impact of financial risk in actual trading. For example, there are numerous factors related to the equities, fixed income, or commodities markets in general which cannot be, and have not been accounted for in the preparation of the index information set forth, all of which can affect actual performance. The index returns shown do not represent the results of actual trading of investable assets. MV Index Solutions GmbH and Invierno AB (Vinter) maintain the index(es) and calculate the index levels and performance shown or discussed but do not manage actual assets. Index returns do not reflect payment of any sales charges or fees an investor may pay to purchase the assets underlying the index(es) or investment funds that are intended to track the performance of the index(es). The imposition of these fees and charges would cause actual and back-tested performance to be lower than the index performance shown.

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